The Underworld Adventure of Aeneas in The Aeneid

Virgil imbues his Hades, as well as his Elysium, with a substantiated and understandable raison detre , and in the process corrects the notions of his predecessor [Homer in the Odyssey]. For Virgil, the Underworld must be categorized and organized as well as justified: thus the grouping of the souls of his Hades by reason or nature of punishment.Interaction and Reaction in Virgil and Homer Underworld Issues Here are some of the unanswered questions about the mythology of the Underworld that are left at the end of the nekuia (Underworld scene) of Book XI of the Odyssey, by Homer: Why was Elpenor upset that he hadnt been buried?Why was it said that Tiresias, of all mortals, was permitted to keep a clear head about mortal matters?Why were the shades of the eternally tortured, Sisyphus, Tityos, and Tantalus, near each other? The view of the Underworld presented in the nekuia is alien from modern views of death. Its hard to understand what went on when one adheres strictly to Judaeo-Christian visions of Hell. On this page and the next are some insights into the Homeric Underworld, based on references to Vergil. The Aeneid, by Vergil (or Virgil), was written many centuries after Homers Odyssey. Despite a few centuries, Vergil is chronologically closer to Homer than we are. Vergil is a good model also because he deliberately patterned his work on Homer and elaborated on it, and he lived in a milieu where Homers writing was still very much a part of the common culture since Homer was at the heart of the routine education of children. Therefore, Vergil tells us something about the Greco-Roman (pagan) Underworld that we should know to understand Homers nekuia. The striking similarities and close contrasts between the Underworlds of the two poets make it painfully obvious that Virgil was strongly affected by the ideas instilled in Homers text. How exactly he reacted to this burden, however, and how he attempted to justify his own work and separate it from that of Homer: these are the difficult yet ever-important questions. In re-creating Homers Hades, and in the process facing up to his predecessor, Virgil exhibits clearly his desire to re-work Homer, to complete and perfect the vision of the earlier poet.Interaction and Reaction in Virgil and Homer Reasons for Going to the Underworld HomerOdysseus goes to the Underworld for help getting home.VergilAeneas goes to pay a duty call on his dead father Anchises. Underworld Guidance HomerThe help Odysseus seeks comes from the prophet, Tiresias, in the Underworld and the sorceress, Circe, among the living.VergilAmong the living, Aeneas seeks the guidance of the Sibyl at Cumae, a priestess of Apollo who speaks inspired prophetic utterances. Among the dead, he seeks the counsel of his father. Warnings HomerCirce calms his fears and instructs Odysseus on how to travel.VergilThe Sibyl tells Aeneas how to proceed but warns him that while the trip to Hades is easy, the return voyage is limited to the select favorites of Jupiter. Aeneas must be divinely chosen if he is to return. This isnt all that terrifying a caveat, however, since he will know in advance whether he will be able to make the trip. In order to start the journey, the Sibyl says he must find a golden bough sacred to Proserpine. Should the gods not want him to proceed, he will fail to find it, but he does find it. In the guise of two doves, Venus, Aeneas mother, guides him. Unburied Dead Like Odysseus, Aeneas has a dead companion to bury, but unlike his predecessor, Aeneas must bury him before proceeding to the Underworld because the death has contaminated Aeneas fleet (totamque incestat funere classem). Aeneas does not initially know which of his companions has died. When he finds Misenus dead, he performs the necessary ceremonies. Misenus lay extended on the shore;Son of the God of Winds: none so renowndThe warrior trumpet in the field to sound;With breathing brass to kindle fierce alarms,And rouse to dare their fate in honorable arms.He servd great Hector, and was ever near,Not with his trumpet only, but his spear.But by Pelides arms when Hector fell,He chose Æneas; and he chose as well.Swoln with applause, and aiming still at more,He now provokes the sea gods from the shore;With envy Triton heard the martial sound,And the bold champion, for his challenge, drownd;Then cast his mangled carcass on the strand:The gazing crowd around the body stand.162-175 Slightly different from Odysseus, Aeneas has 2 men for whom he must provide funeral rites, but he doesnt find the second until the Sibyl has taken him to the shores of the River Styx, past the companions of Death: Famine, Pestilence, Old Age, Poverty, Fear, Sleep, and Disease (Curae, Morbi, Senectus, Metus, Fames, Egestas, Letum, Labos, and Sopor). There, on the shore, Aeneas finds his recently deceased helmsman, Palinurus, who cannot cross over until he is given a proper funeral rites. Proper burial is impossible since he was lost at sea.

Critical analysis of research Evidence Free Essay Example, 1250 words

Validity: What has been found to be the major strength of this study was that it made use of five research tools in an effort to gather the data needed. The tools were composed of observation, surveys, and health assessments (Abbott et al. , 2006). Even if three among the five research tools were made by VAP group created, they can be considered valid as it went through face validity when it was administered to a pilot group. Unfortunately the reliability score of the instruments were not revealed. Statistical Analysis: The statistical tools used included a t-test and a multivariate analysis of covariance. Applicability to the Setting: As a whole, this study has not really established whether the adoption of the clinical practice guidelines can make a significant impact in reducing the incidence of VAP. Research Study Title 2: Supine Body Position As A Risk Factor For Nosocomial Pneumonia In Mechanically Ventilated Patients: A Randomised Trial. Summary: This study was made to find ou t if a semi-recumbent position can help decrease the frequency of nosocomial pneumonia in patients (Drakulovic et al. ,1999). The subjects were divided into two groups with one group having a semi-recumbent body position and the other a supine stance. It was found that the group positioned in a semi-recumbent way had less tendency to develop nosocomial pneumonia in comparison to those positioned in a supine set up. Problem Statement and Research Question: This study was very focused on only one question and that was to find out how frequent nosocomial pneumonia develops when patients have either a supine or semi-recumbent body position (Drakulovic et al. ,1999). We will write a custom essay sample on Critical analysis of research Evidence or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Supporting Literature: There is not much of a review of the literature in this study. There were only four researches incorporated in the study and one is not directly related to the case of nosocomial pneumonia. Validity: The patients were given equal and regular amounts of treatment to ensure that the likelihood of developing the pneumonia can be prevented (Drakulovic et al. ,1999). The subjects were randomly assigned to the two groups by means of a computer generated list. These efforts could decrease the possibility of intervening factors from affecting study results. No reliability measure was mentioned. Statistical Analysis: The tools used in the study included an interim analysis, a univariate analyses, Fihser’s exact test, and Student’s t test (Drakulovic et al. ,1999). In answer to the research question, the interim analysis showed that there is a significant decrease in the development of pneumonia in the semi-recumbent group at p=0.003.

Letter to a friend Free Essays

Dear, I understand that you have been looking for a class to help you with your writing skills.   While this is not a writing course, I believe that this class will be able to help you because it is designed to help students understand and appreciate literature.   The name of the class is English 2120WWW. We will write a custom essay sample on Letter to a friend or any similar topic only for you Order Now    It offers teachings on the works of the likes of Robert Frost, John Steinbeck and Ernest Hemmingway. The course outline covers many areas that are useful.   There are sections that are devoted to drama, which include the works of Arthur Miller and David Mamet.   The next section covers poetry and includes the works of Robert Frost, Wallace Stevens, TS Elliot, Elizabeth Bishop, Allen Ginsberg, Sylvia Plath, and Robert Pinsky.   This section also offers the works of Asian poets such as Cathy Song and Li-Young Lee.   If you remember, these poets included in the poetry section each contributed to the development of poetry by introducing a unique style that has appealed to all generations. Perhaps the part of the lesson that you will enjoy is the section on fiction which discusses the works of Mark Twain, Sarah Ome Jewett, Katherine Ann Porter, Edith Wharton, and William Faulkner.   It also has a discussion on the works of Ernest Hemmingway, John Steinbeck, Richard Wright, Kurt Vonnegut and Eudora Welty.   The discussion of these works will be perfect for your studies because the class offers a discussion of all of this material.   There is also a discussion by peers in this class that is directed by the instructor. I must advise you, however, that this class is not easy.   There are requirements that one has to complete in order to complete this class.   The work includes submission of written papers and essays on the pieces of literature that have been discussed in class.   In order to succeed in this class, it is imperative that you read all of the material that is assigned by the instructor.   You must also not just understand the material that you are reading but also analyze the elements of the writing. While it may seem that there is a lot of work to do, it is really not that tedious because the material is presented in a manner that is enjoyable.   There is a perspective that is provided that allows the student to see deeper into these works.   This method teaches the students how to properly appreciate and emulate the works of the masters.   I recommend that you take this class because there is so much that you can learn from it. How to cite Letter to a friend, Essay examples

Website Design A Case Study

Question: Task for this assignment is to carry out a user-centred design project and to write a report describing, explaining, and justifying your work and the results. The design brief is as follows: Employing a user-centred design methodology, and paying attention to existing research on human cognition, affect, and sociality, design a website to support the activities of a shared interest club with which you are familiar. This could be any sort of club focused on any sort of interest at all think of things like a book club, a golf or other sport society, a cinemagoers club, or a meditation and yoga practice. - An Introduction that defines the design problem, context, and scope. It should include a description of the club and their activities, and a clear focused description of the activities or problems that you want to address in your website design. - A brief literature review that (a) contextualises your design decision making in terms of existing research that may have a bearing on it and (b) introduces the literature on the user-centred design approach. - A Method section that describes and justifies the user-centred design methodology that you have used - An Analysis section in which you show how you used the user-centred design methodology to make design decision and come up with design ideas that would support the groups activities. Use diagrams, sketches, and textual description as relevant. - A Discussion or Conclusions section that pulls together some of the most salient issues that arose in the analysis and that reflect on the use and usefulness of the methodology. Answer: Introduction to Svaroopavidya Fig1 : Design of Website Calmness,peace,serenity,ease is what Yoga gets a person. But Svaroopa claims to do it differently with some extra physical efforts you need to put for the yoga poses your mind is totally quiet and you find the inner peace you have always been looking for. Or should I say your mind would be too tired to think about anything other than your body. Svaroopa Trainers say Yoga is an art full of grace which when combined with a little bit of compassion lets you find your inner self in a way so as to never loose ones senses to the situations. Trainers even claim after attending svaroopa you will certainly be able to differentiate between other yoga classes and ours so much as to never lose the calmness. Google says nowadays Yoga is a sport, with people competing in yoga championships for gold medals in the west. Its not much as the sages of our country meant it to be, but theres no harm in it. Moreover these championships contribute to the increasing popularity of the sport throughout the world. Svaroopa has a wide network of training centres with professional trainers and Swami Nirmalananda teaches and preaches her teachings here as well. Helping you to see your soul and the divinity that lies inside. They also provide scholarship, membership and training on their website. Dates for workshops being as and when are also mentioned on the calendar present on this site. Design Issues of the Site: First things first when we click on the first About Us tab there are no dates mentioned. Not a single one, being a yoga centre they must be having a foundation date at least. No history is mentioned about the site creation, starting of the centre etc. When we click on the Login tab on the right top panel we get a page like below Fig 2: Issue in design In the above image we can see a large section of the page or should I say div allocated to the Training Plan, Event Schedule. And we click on Sign up again what we get is a page with a LogIn with Facebook and inside the login box we have been here, new to this site? Descriptions for already existing users and new users respectively. From the above page its very confusing for a user on how to get back to the Login Page. In the Course Calendar dropdown we have number of options. When we click on Course Confirmation Dates of the dropdown we can see all the options from the same dropdown are visible on the right side of the main page itself. No navigation bar is present on the top to go back to a certain page. When we click on Freebie tab on the right side top of the main page we can find Quick Links which has nowhere else been mentioned at all. When we click on Teachers Directory we get a message our new directory will come up soon, and links for existing Teachers directory. When we click on Existing Teachers directory we are redirected to a totally new page with no navigation tab to get back and on the right top panel all the links like Contact us, About Us dont have any separation characters between them appears like all belong to a single word. In the Right Top Panel Shop Tab in the Home Page when you click on any item to shop it directly gets added to cart, the product or its price nothing is displayed. On the Home Page the Upcoming Events Calendar is stagnant. To see the upcoming events you need to click on the calendar itself. EZine being an online magazine deserves a better place and space then the Right Top Bar. Under Membership tab there is no explanation of the Ashramite membership. And under Membership Drop Down there are no options all of those are placed under the same page of membership itself. These are displayed as links instead. The Search field is working fine though but should have a Search written on it to grab attention. Design Resolutions: As per the above discussed issues of the Website, I suppose the site needs to be more user oriented. From a users perspective I would say when it comes user friendliness the site does not make a stand among the Top sites. It still needs a whole lot of work. Apart from being user friendly the site seems lot more static then others in the same domain with every link opening a new page, the design I suppose is not up to the mark. Spelling mistakes ex: Ouick for Quick on such a site followed by people worldwide is not acceptable. No navigation menu is also a drawback for the site, a navigation be provided. For some tabs instead of having options in dropdown everything has been mentioned on the main page itself with different links. The opening of a new page on the clicking of a link should be avoided to make it precise and specific. The website should be more organised. Even the Logo of the Site should be given some more place for display. The menus being displayed in the right side of every page should not be displayed there, Instead they should be displayed on the left side of the page to make it more readable and user friendly. The Sign-Up Page needs to be designed to be a bit more simple.And there should be an option to Log In with your Google Account as well. The New User Box should contain just a New User, Click Here Button instead of First name, Last Name fields and so on. The design should follow a basic paradigm, instead of all the mix and match done. Suggested Designs: Fig3: Suggestion for design I strongly recommend the above design for the current website. Whenever it comes to Worldwide Accessed Sites the design if not anything else needs to be user friendly and totally organised. The links in every page that open a new page every time on click should be removed instead it should be displayed on the same page itself. The shopping Site needs Improvisation with images of items along with their price being included on the page. The EZINE online magazine deserves a lot more space. The Membership tab needs to get organised with the types of Membership being shown as options on the Dropdown, and on click it should first give a brief description about the membership what it includes and then the price for getting it should be mentioned. There needs to be a navigation tab so that user at any moment of time can return to a previously visited page. The Event calendar should be more dynamic then now. It should keep displaying the updated one after another same as the Events being displayed on the right or with a simple moving-upward motion. Instead of Contact, It should be Contact Us in the Top right panel of the website. In the About Us there should be foundation date for the site and organisation. There should be a tab to tell a new user about the places where the workshops are held and the cities where the ashrams are located. Images of the Yoga Poses should be used on the site to increase a users interest in joining the site. Based on the study of various online sites the above mentioned points should suffice to make the site better look and feel wise as well as user friendliness wise. Conclusions: Going online is what the funda and fact of life is nowadays. For any organization it is important to design their websites in such a way so as to gross public attention more and more. Website is what makes an image before any layman about an organisation. So its an important asset for any and every company. Its up to an organisation on how to highlight their individual aspects. From the above case study on svaroopavidya we can say that sometimes organisations neglect the basic designing policy which leads to a bad experience for every user who visits that page. A good web experience for any user just comprises of simplicity in designing policy of a website. And an organised website is simpler to surf. Websites are an important part of marketing strategy as well. If you want your organisation o be good in sales, people should be impressed with the look and feel of your site as well, only then a customer is ought to buy products/register on your site. This should be kept in mind by every organisation.